Signs of Pulmonary Embolism

Several factors can cause a sore throat, such as illnesses, allergies, and acid reflux. Depending on the cause, people can use home remedies to help soothe sore throats. A sore throat might feel scratchy or make it painful to swallow. This article explains some common causes of a sore throat, what people can do to ease it, and when to speak with a doctor. Causes of a sore throat include: According to the Centers for Disease Control (CDC), viruses are the most common cause of sore throats. A sore throat is usually nothing to worry about, but it can be uncomfortable. However, people can try the following remedies at home to help to ease discomfort. Lozenges are available over the counter (OTC) and can help to ease the symptoms of a sore throat. They dissolve in the mouth, releasing ingredients that soothe a dry, irritated throat. They may be medicated or nonmedicated. A 2017 study found that lozenges containing amylmetacresol and 2,4-dichlorobenzylalcohol (AMC/DCBA) are a safe and effe...

Ever since the COVID-19 pandemic caught us unawares, there has been a glut of books trying to make sense of the new normal. Most of them are post-facto affairs, written with the present contagion in mind and cashing in on it. Ashoke Mukhopadhyay's Bengali novel, Abiram Jwarer Roopkotha — about four generations of doctors from one Bengali family dealing with waves of epidemic in Calcutta from the early years of the 20th century till the late 60s — was published in January 2018. Its English translation by Arunava Sinha came out in early April this year when the lockdown had just about started in India. Since it is unrelated to the COVID-19 pandemic, the novel can only be described as prescient. That's why its flat, realistic narrative gives you goosebumps. But with its emphasis on the objectivity and rationality the lead characters swear by, the novel is essentially anti-thrill. Unless you are the kind who is thrilled by the mysteries of the human body — like the doctors who...

Croup is caused by a viral infection of the upper airways. It is caused by the same viruses that cause a cold and is spread through coughing, sneezing and touching infected objects. It results in swelling of the windpipe, the airways to the lungs and the vocal cords, making the airway narrower, so it is harder to breathe and leads to a distinctive, barking cough. It is very common in young children, mainly in children under five years old; and although it is often only a mild illness, it can become serious quickly. What are the symptoms of croup? Children may have symptoms of a cold before the onset of croup, including a runny or stuffy nose, sore throat and fever. They then develop a harsh, barking cough and noisy breathing which is usually worse at nights and exacerbated when the child becomes upset or irritable. When severe, children with croup may have noisy, squeaky breathing that is worse when breathing in, where they sound as if they are gasping for air and unable to breathe. T...

There is little evidence that cough medicines work better than home remedies at easing a child's cough. Most of the time, unless a cough is causing distress or disturbing sleep, there is no need to treat it. Children's coughs usually resolve on their own after a couple of weeks. Cough medicines do not clear a cough but may make a child feel more comfortable. This article outlines current advice on treating children's coughs and home remedies that might be safer and more effective in making a coughing child feel more comfortable. There is usually no need to treat a child's cough with medication. According to the American Academy of Allergy Asthma and Immunology (AAAAI), coughing helps a child remove mucus, infections, and irritants from their respiratory tract. The AAAAI also states that most over-the-counter (OTC) cough medicines are not particularly effective. However, if a child's cough is causing distress or disturbing their sleep, caregivers may want to consult ...

Abstract Mycobacterium tuberculosis , the causative agent of tuberculosis, has infected humans for millennia. M. tuberculosis is well adapted to establish infection, persist in the face of the host immune response and be transmitted to uninfected individuals. Its ability to complete this infection cycle depends on it both evading and taking advantage of host immune responses. The outcome of M. tuberculosis infection is often a state of equilibrium characterized by immunological control and bacterial persistence. Recent data have highlighted the diverse cell populations that respond to M. tuberculosis infection and the dynamic changes in the cellular and intracellular niches of M. tuberculosis during the course of infection. M. tuberculosis possesses an arsenal of protein and lipid effectors that influence macrophage functions and inflammatory responses; however, our understanding of the role that specific bacterial virulence factors play in the context of diverse cellular reservoi...

Black lung is a type of lung disease that's caused by long-term inhalation of coal mine dust. The condition is also known as coal workers' pneumoconiosis (CWP) or miner's lung. The disease has a long history as a work-related illness. That's because inhaling coal mine dust commonly happens in those who work in mines. It rarely occurs in the general environment. Black lung is still prevalent in coal workers today. Additionally, without treatment, black lung can cause serious complications such as heart failure, tuberculosis, and lung cancer. Read on to learn more about the causes, symptoms, and treatment options for black lung, plus how to reduce your risk. The type and severity of black lung symptoms depend on the level of coal mine dust exposure. The symptoms can develop over many years. As a result, most people don't start showing signs of black lung disease until they're closer to retirement age. Common symptoms of black lung include: In some cases, black lun...

Several factors can cause a sore throat, such as illnesses, allergies, and acid reflux. Depending on the cause, people can use home remedies to help soothe sore throats. A sore throat might feel scratchy or make it painful to swallow. This article explains some common causes of a sore throat, what people can do to ease it, and when to speak with a doctor. Causes of a sore throat include: According to the Centers for Disease Control (CDC), viruses are the most common cause of sore throats. A sore throat is usually nothing to worry about, but it can be uncomfortable. However, people can try the following remedies at home to help to ease discomfort. Lozenges are available over the counter (OTC) and can help to ease the symptoms of a sore throat. They dissolve in the mouth, releasing ingredients that soothe a dry, irritated throat. They may be medicated or nonmedicated. A 2017 study found that lozenges containing amylmetacresol and 2,4-dichlorobenzylalcohol (AMC/DCBA) are a safe and effe...

By Reuters Staff 7 Min Read Correction October 28, 2020: This article previously linked to a similar 2008 study (here) that was not co-authored by Fauci. Correcting link in paragraph three to study co-authored by Fauci (here). Reuters Fact Check. REUTERS Social media users have been publishing a screenshot of a tweet, which erroneously claims that during the 1918 Spanish flu pandemic, people died of bacterial pneumonia from masks and that Dr Anthony Fauci, director of the National Institute for Allergy and Infectious Diseases (NIAID) and a key member of the White House coronavirus task force, knew this and wrote about it in 2008. In fact, the study that Fauci co-authored in 2008 does not mention masks and found that bacterial pneumonia led to most deaths in the Spanish flu pandemic when it had been preceded by "viral damage," or influenza infection. The original tweets (one has been deleted, the other is visible  here ), shared in posts ( here  ,  h...